之前使用编译器调试的时候,每次只是用常规的几个调试命令。但是本着折腾的原则,今天把 所有的调试命令
及功能都罗列出来。
语歌
速览表在最后:
下面举例常见比较重要的命令:
再下面有更详细的示范
如果想要了解更多编译器调试的命令:
接下来看一下常用的调试命令用法:
1.apropos
列出与某个单词或主题相关的调试器命令。
e.g(lldb) apropos po
2.breakpoint
看截图文档:
(lldb) breakpoint
可以简写为 br
3.breakpoint
重要
4.print
(lldb) print sums
可以简写成 (lldb) p sums
print
写成 p
代码中这样:var sums = ["0.00","0.00","0.00","0.00"]复制代码
调试窗口这样:
结果:(lldb) print sums([String]) $R14 = 4 values { [0] = "0.00" [1] = "0.00" [2] = "0.00" [3] = "0.00"}复制代码
如果你想在命令行打印进制数:
输入参数 | 表示进制 (e.g) |
---|---|
p/x 66 | (x表示16进制)(Int) $R17 = 0x0000000000000042 |
p/t 6 | (t表示2进制)(Int) $R20 = 0b0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000110 |
p/c "s" | (c表示字符)(String) $R24 = "s" |
5.expression
直接改变其值,点击继续运行,运行的结果就是本次赋值后的结果
(lldb) expression sums = ["10.00","0.00","0.00","0.00"]复制代码
示例:
更多的用法:
以对象的方式来打印:expression -o -- sums
可以直接简写成这样: e -o -- sums
其中:
e -o -- sums
可以写成 po
,而且作用是等效的。 process
与进程交互的命令,当然是配合其后面的参数来达到相应的目的 执行 (lldb) process help
如下:
举个常见栗子:
continue -- Continue execution of all threads in the current process.
就是继续执行程序,当遇到断点的时候,在 LLDB
中执行就是继续执行程序
thread
与进程交互的命令,当然是配合其后面的参数来达到相应的目的 执行 (lldb) thread help
如下:
其搭配的参数命令执行的作用后面描绘的相当清楚。
这里要重点介绍几个:* **`(lldb) thread return`** 过早的从堆栈中返回,立即执行返回命令,退出当前堆栈。可以伪装一些返回信息等等。从写一些函数的行为等等。复制代码
frame
同样是配合其参数完成调试
常用的一条命令:lldb) frame info
打印出当前: 工程名字- 类名字- 函数名字- 所在的行数 其它的作用参照参数后面的解释 看完上面的命令,接下来看编译器调试的几个 常用按钮
由图中可以看出用于调试的 4
个按钮
第一个
continue
如遇到如图所示,就点击后程序就正常运行,如果有其它断点,就会跳到下一个断点.ps: 点击它与在
LLDB调试框
里面输入(lldb) process continue
作用是一样的。c
作用效果也是一样的第二个
在step over
当遇到一个断点暂停后,点击该按钮程序就会一行一行的执行,即使遇到了函数的调用也不会进入函数里面去,而是直接跳过这个函数的执行,如下图:115
行打了一个断点,然后点击该按钮,他会执行116
行,再点击后会执行117
行,而不会去执行116
所调用的函数 里面的行。ps: 在程序当中与该按钮作用相同的LLDB
命令参数是一样的命令是:(lldb) n
(lldb) next
(lldb) thread step-over
作用效果是一样的第三个
ps: 在程序当中与该按钮作用相同的step into
.它才是真正意义上的一行一行的执行命令,即使遇到函数的执行,也会跳 进该函数里面去一行一行
的执行代码。就是说你想进入函数里面的时候用它LLDB
命令参数是一样的命令是:(lldb) thread step-in
(lldb) step
(lldb) s
- 第四个
step out
如果你进入了一个函数,运行一两行之后你想跳过该函数就用这个按钮。其实它的运行就是一个 堆栈的结束。
快速查看 Xcode 的所有断点
如图这是通过点击查看工程文件中所有的断点
那么通过 LLDB
命令来查看所有的断点:
(lldb) br list
或者 (lldb) br li
也可以达到相同的目的 在调试器中通过 LLDB
快速创建断点
使用下面的命令完成了 115行 断点的设定
(lldb) breakpoint set -f ViewController.swift -l 115
这个时候我们执行 continue
按钮会发现跳到 115行断点了。 我们通过大列表查看 b
其介绍是:
设置断点的命令是:
(lldb) b ViewController.swift:127
在127
处设置了断点 Xcode UI 画面上有条件的执行 断点
如图:
由图可看:
第1
步:我们在 line 24
的地方打了一个断点。
第2
步:我们看到标 2
的框框,这里 i==2
表示当 i等于2的时候才会执行这个断点
第3
步:我们看到标 3
的框框,这里表示当执行这个断点的时候,LLDB
会执行 po i
的命令
第4
步:我们看到标 4
的框框,当i为2
的时候执行了断点的打印操作
其中 ignore
表示该断点第几次才会真正执行,比如 设置 ignore
为 2
那么该断点会在第三次调用的时候触发。
那么这里要说明的就是:断点程序会先 比较 函数执行到该断点的 次数。然后 再比较条件 ,条件满足后 执行 LLDB
命令 语句
其中的 +
号可以支持多个 LLDB
命令。
其他的断点条件及执行的命令,依次类推。
Action
后面的更多作用!
如图:
1.AppleScript
苹果的一种脚本语言,可以在此开始运行
2.Capture GPU Frame
Unity游戏
方面的调试。暂时没有研究 ?
3.Debugger Command
相当于在 LLDB
上直接使用命令
4.Log Message
当执行到该断点的时候 LLDB
栏中会直接打印这个 hello
的信息
5.Shell Command
如图:
当执行该断点的时候,电脑会读Hello world
6.Sound
选择相应的声音遇到该断点会发出相应的声音,也是挺有意思的。
一些 LLDB 及控制台插件,配合插件及脚本开发将大大提高开发效率。
随便打个断点:
命令行输入:(lldb) help
快速查询所以的命令 一览表
命令 | 命令作用描述 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
apropos | -- List debugger commands related to a word or subject.(列出与某个单词或主题相关的调试器命令。) | |||
breakpoint | -- Commands for operating on breakpoints (see 'help b' for shorthand.)(断点的相关操作,详细看下面) | |||
bugreport | -- Commands for creating domain-specific bug reports.(创建某个特点作用域的bug 命令) | |||
command | -- Commands for managing custom LLDB commands. | |||
disassemble | -- Disassemble specified instructions in the current target. Defaults to the current function for the current thread and stack frame. | |||
expression | -- Evaluate an expression on the current thread. Displays any returned value with LLDB's default formatting.(直接改变其值,点击继续运行) | |||
frame | -- Commands for selecting and examing the current thread's stack frames.(通过命令来检查当前堆栈的相关信息。结合后面的命令参数) | |||
gdb-remote | -- Connect to a process via remote GDB server. If no host is specifed, localhost is assumed. | |||
gui | -- Switch into the curses based GUI mode. | |||
help | -- Show a list of all debugger commands, or give details about a specific command. | |||
kdp-remote | -- Connect to a process via remote KDP server. If no UDP port is specified, port 41139 is assumed. | |||
language | -- Commands specific to a source language. | |||
log | -- Commands controlling LLDB internal logging. | |||
memory | -- Commands for operating on memory in the current target process. | |||
platform | -- Commands to manage and create platforms. | |||
plugin | -- Commands for managing LLDB plugins. | |||
process | -- Commands for interacting with processes on the current platform.(配合其包含的命令继续执行 执行 process help 即可看到) | |||
quit | -- Quit the LLDB debugger. | |||
register | -- Commands to access registers for the current thread and stack frame. | |||
script | -- Invoke the script interpreter with provided code and display any results. Start the interactive interpreter if no code is supplied. | |||
settings | -- Commands for managing LLDB settings. | |||
source | -- Commands for examining source code described by debug information for the current target process. | |||
target | -- Commands for operating on debugger targets. | |||
thread | -- Commands for operating on one or more threads in the current process.(在当前进程中操作一个或多个线程的命令,结合其下面的参数进行。下面有其搭配参数详细说明) | |||
type | -- Commands for operating on the type system. | |||
version | -- Show the LLDB debugger version.(查看开发语言的版本) | |||
watchpoint | -- Commands for operating on watchpoints. | |||
add-dsym | -- Add a debug symbol file to one of the target's current modules by specifying a path to a debug symbols file, or using the options to specify a module to download symbols for. | |||
attach | -- Attach to process by ID or name. | |||
b | -- Set a breakpoint using one of several shorthand formats. | |||
bt | -- Show the current thread's call stack. Any numeric argument displays at most that many frames. The argument 'all' displays all threads. | |||
c | -- Continue execution of all threads in the current process. | |||
call | -- Evaluate an expression on the current thread. Displays any returned value with LLDB's default formatting. | |||
continue | -- Continue execution of all threads in the current process. | |||
detach | -- Detach from the current target process. | |||
di | -- Disassemble specified instructions in the current target. Defaults to the current function for the current thread and stack frame. | |||
dis | -- Disassemble specified instructions in the current target. Defaults to the current function for the current thread and stack frame. | |||
display | -- Evaluate an expression at every stop (see 'help target stop-hook'.) | |||
down | -- Select a newer stack frame. Defaults to moving one frame, a numeric argument can specify an arbitrary number. | |||
env | -- Shorthand for viewing and setting environment variables. | |||
exit | -- Quit the LLDB debugger. | |||
f | -- Select the current stack frame by index from within the current thread (see 'thread backtrace'.) | |||
file | -- Create a target using the argument as the main executable. | finish | -- Finish executing the current stack frame and stop after returning. Defaults to current thread unless specified. | |
image | -- Commands for accessing information for one or more target modules. | |||
j | -- Set the program counter to a new address. | |||
jump | -- Set the program counter to a new address. | |||
kill | -- Terminate the current target process. | |||
l | -- List relevant source code using one of several shorthand formats. | |||
list | -- List relevant source code using one of several shorthand formats. | |||
n | -- Source level single step, stepping over calls. Defaults to current thread unless specified.(相当于一行一行的执行函数) | |||
next | -- Source level single step, stepping over calls. Defaults to current thread unless specified.(与 n 的作用几乎一致) | |||
nexti | -- Instruction level single step, stepping over calls. Defaults to current thread unless specified. | |||
ni | -- Instruction level single step, stepping over calls. Defaults to current thread unless specified. | |||
p | -- Evaluate an expression on the current thread. Displays any returned value with LLDB's default formatting.(可以打印程序中相关参数的值,其属性状态) | |||
parray | -- Evaluate an expression on the current thread. Displays any returned value with LLDB's default formatting.(与 p 相同) | |||
po | -- Evaluate an expression on the current thread. Displays any returned value with formatting controlled by the type's author.(与 p 的区别是打印的值所带的参数相对简洁一点) | |||
poarray | -- Evaluate an expression on the current thread. Displays any returned value with LLDB's default formatting.(与 p 相同) | |||
-- Evaluate an expression on the current thread. Displays any returned value with LLDB's default formatting.(与 p 相同) | ||||
q | -- Quit the LLDB debugger. | |||
r | -- Launch the executable in the debugger. | |||
rbreak | -- Sets a breakpoint or set of breakpoints in the executable. | |||
repl | -- Evaluate an expression on the current thread. Displays any returned value with LLDB's default formatting. | |||
reveal_load_dev | -- Evaluate an expression on the current thread. Displays any returned value with LLDB's default formatting. | |||
reveal_load_sim | -- Evaluate an expression on the current thread. Displays any returned value with LLDB's default formatting. | |||
reveal_start | -- Evaluate an expression on the current thread. Displays any returned value with LLDB's default formatting. | |||
reveal_stop | -- Evaluate an expression on the current thread. Displays any returned value with LLDB's default formatting. | |||
run | -- Launch the executable in the debugger. | |||
s | -- Source level single step, stepping into calls. Defaults to current thread unless specified.(一步一步执行,即使遇到函数也会进入该函数一步一步执行代码) | |||
si | -- Instruction level single step, stepping into calls. Defaults to current thread unless specified. | |||
sif | -- Step through the current block, stopping if you step directly into a function whose name matches the TargetFunctionName. | |||
step | -- Source level single step, stepping into calls. Defaults to current thread unless specified. | |||
stepi | -- Instruction level single step, stepping into calls. Defaults to current thread unless specified. | |||
t | -- Change the currently selected thread. | |||
tbreak | -- Set a one-shot breakpoint using one of several shorthand formats. | |||
undisplay | -- Stop displaying expression at every stop (specified by stop-hook index.) | |||
up | -- Select an older stack frame. Defaults to moving one frame, a numeric argument can specify an arbitrary number. | |||
x | -- Read from the memory of the current target process. | |||